Spring School
Spring school
The focus of this spring school will be on electrochemical and ionic processes in biological systems at the nanoscale. The school will cover all aspects of field, from theory to technical and tool developments, to applications and cutting-edge measurements on biomolecules and cells.
Who should attend?
The school is intended as an in-depth introduction to the field, covering the different basic aspects of the field. It is aimed at graduate students and researchers wanting to learn more about nanoscale electrochemical measurements on biosystems, but is also open to technical questions from the audience.
The lecturers
Prof. Ulrich Keyser (Cambridge University, UK)
Prof. Keyser is an expert on ionic measurements through nanopores in the context of single molecules sensing and DNA-based nanotechnology. The unique structure and charge carried by single molecules and nucleotide sequences provide a specific signature in the ionic current flowing through the same pore as the molecules investigated.
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Qk78HGjWvQtq0CDhw4CCMDc4RHREBbywg2Nt6YrjkdS61tYayihIOHjyCCSbuHyxz+t2RklD1QU55pl0pLpkXsCdjFHodT4mk4JJyG85ozsGFMdWRbOmbHyDHhFBxoG3+C+8QMUzZHn1GKcFh1ELarjrDfnYITI6sVB9k1J2G96jC751HYsK1tzBHYsa0ak1gfb2/hUyUblWJmUk4ubFYK1neVSCty8td9Cfx3yI2GURTRPlhG7oUFbSP2wCJ8NyczcqdhppQxeVEtS4P+0hQYLEnFjw2a8smhLwEVZubrt+9gHLyD+xSZc58iRqFZMGNGvVnIDpiGMqM+aBt3QjH0T+VM0ffZyD7b9dDxTIQ2068aTH+qzArFJJslrLFyh7zlYijPXM50bzyzM9MF3jZBW6DnFvflmkZl4fq9h4wRq6HFGhst11hMWyBoSFRnLccUu6UYzxgzznABJpi7Q9U5GDqL1ggX/WXClDGHG+Nsn9bbFZDIrvywy0r+U7OYwv9SUC5mhsSnYZTRIkx3jYKBbxJMAjfDnHo3hRxtS/PZKom4Yxrr6ZAXMS1g1PNJhmNkBiI2HcGBs1e4C+CXiDKZSQGc9EvxBxcRdf30/IgxydBm/W7b0M0IStqP7ccv4eb94uu33uf/+9pQJjPvMmYuWbcfmUdycfXOAzLLpCgFX452/wIgZaYYIWWmGFEmM93d3YUlKcrCR5lpoK8PCzPWxw0LEx6R4mMo12ceH58gLEkG1NXVsT0zU7gnOSgXMzdu+DQr3iqDrKwsHv9SElEuZl67Jhkj3c+eP+MhiyQV5WImoVePP+C+UBBikVx+CS9eCEIBVxb3798XlgSrHUXO2v/73//4tjDI66S4++jbd4JoGSIHin8b5WamCEt9lmCivAKPmywzeDCCg4KEZwr+KC1NLWRu3QrPxYuLeLOviIqCgrw80jdt4o4O9+7eg5ODA1q1bIm+vXtj+OAh6NezN6ZMnIQJsuPRqF4DKLJyP3Zu/JixcHcVvEwRRIHgKEZA7KoYHtt148YNSEtP417KtPyUvD7p+FX2da2IjuYCQOsdyO+b/L83pacjMDAQ0VHRPATh/QcFL7iiKJWZ6zd/PEIIBQAUITwkBPXr/ow1CQnQZYwk6Ovr8W32XoG79a9NmyM9NZWX3797A2tLwSqTBPbHilA8ZC8hbnXB+cJ4D4FUFv46Tp48ybckxeRDVRglxXi5eVO8S8JKZWZFwzWW5ry1bNkyqKkIIquKG7m5uUhMTETuX7ncE29fdjZfYXDlyhXY2Nhwj76kjYKYlCSFJK1cSq9eBUWMr4hzWnmQz0xLS0v+RkWfqrhiX8YnxPNP7b8AzkxiIk2YFdZv4mImraaQZJ9KcaLEz/zFyzxs2XMWL8Ww3vXGjRufzC7cm72XO+nSHNGrV6+4RUBl2q5buw45B3N4LFu65tmzZ/zFEuhTJ7VE6oCuJ9q7dy+vK+nRB5UMAFaqztyx7wJ2ZF/A2s0ncOpcgaKOSzqKhJRj+VJ898ETrN90glFBAN6MnaexdtNJnL14i7f679+/RfzGw4hPKrjm5t1HWJd+gn0BBcc2bTvNj+VeuSM8whqo5CNYt+k4oxNITD0qPFoAYmLhrQiiFyh4ftmDsKLg91VBqcz8EvD8+XPeoSBJpCUd1CA9evyINzSxsbHCqz4fvmhmikCfMtmNIrwpFKv0c+KrYKYkoMqM9PUt6v/zX0WVGenp6Sks/bdRZUaKVjv+V+zH0lCEkQoKCiUGGPwYibqGM52dPwgwKG6iAQwTY2P+PElDPiOpH2tpYVFhyRJ92sUHET4VnGfOFJYkC9Uo61LxpXxeXl7CUtlwc3MTlj49EuLj0bB+A2ZDijfOgzhQjcbrRDh9uqDPffpM+VYyiDNzWFmgVFEtmjXnabkkDdW4qzED9UMLB7/4N3oIZUGiGSn6rEW9A+p+Edasrfwq+k8FiWYkBW0ojmPHCwYoJAnEyOaSykj6j7Ifbdu2jQ8pRYSH4+GDgmGlf55Ijv/j6VOnsMjd47NZCBVBETvSuwTHekqOoumTghk+G2AVvBn+G/cj61gu7jyqfBz8rxFlMpIyy5TkrErBjbV8kqHlnQSzgHT4rM3G9qO5uPWBoypB8tSEuFE2I/1LZmRpRDletJfQEuiNMGUM9krcg805F3D9rnjTUEgaymSkmedKaLqthm3ELpiHZX2QbbI8ROvLDTiDU6HFGEyrItxX78TWQxdx7d7XweAyGUm4d/e2cFHnt2ja5ncMVjSE5rwoWC7fBquIPZVaykwLAsjRn1SEDmMwLeI3WZYKj/jdSNl3Dn/fqvxk/r+BcjGSQF1JYmb1GjXxbfUa+ObbghWzP/7SED1kJmCKpSdjTAqsIvcIcqGJpJdJZLlXUggjJhix3zZr0174dMlHuRlJyDl8GPWbd0C9pr+hbv2m+P6nX1Cjdm18+11tVPu2OqOChfjf1ayF5h3/wDAVM2i6xsCaMdZaKL3lYapp0FZU/6FOfkQaSUeFGElo3qU/2vQcwsO4t+zSD81/74Nm7Xug4W8dGZPb4ueGLVG7Tj3UqPUTqn9XU7Dgvto3+Qyu06AJug+diMk2PrAM3gqbyN0wLyG8BDHy58bN/pXAgJVBhRm5IzsHf4xRwx+jlNFt2BR0GjIBnf6URbs+o9C211DG4D/RqhtjcOfeaNaxN19M3+jXjqjX7Df89Etj1KpDEQ2+Z+qhIJpBjR9+RLvegzBWdyb0PdfyaAZ20fvxS5OWUFNTEz5ZslGEkX5+fsJS6Rg6ZJAgYkGHrsKIBYw6dEE/BS0MmKSLvvLaPAFBzzGq6DZyMjoPkUdHYnS/EWhDjP7jT7TozBjdiTGZSXLjNp1Qr0U71G3UHLXr1sc3Nb7LZzCFjmjQsKHwyZKNIowk79nimRsKE3Uj63z/A5o3aYjWjZvwXJatmjZB60ZNMFzVBCM1HTF8OkUjsObRCIaoWkBG2RyDp5pikKIRz3HJoxHI66HveC3GbHX0GKGILjIK6DiQmD2SqQ0ZHqODUlg0a/8HvvnmG2HtJBtFGFleuIZthPKsUCjPDIKKQwAUHfwxydIbCuaekDfzwHjjhRhnvACyBgswWn8WRuvNxmgdZx72YaSmPYZr2GLYNBsMVadEouYYomyGQVONMUjJEH9O1kf/SXror6CD/hN1uWR+CahULaNT92D6PMGKWxGpz42Euks41FzCeDoPtVkhUJkdwlfkqvKUHsGMQqDkFAhlh2WM+cv4St3Jdksw0dob8lbsJVh5QM58McabuPM4HHKmbiUyMu81+U6+RdByQcbtk6dy+ZZw6fJtRKzYhH6DBVEN07eUnEOqIvjn/n3cOCBIMpickoIbe7NxyM8fKZs3YU2MIJB3pRi59dAFaC9eI4ydkchzlc5wT4AW6wFxWhjD42doLlyJGa6x0KLYGQtWQHP+Ch47Q4OIMZ/Hz5hLLyGCUTg05gjKFD9D3jQIOuy339UWxGSzsS+I7JyWfhB9Bxjy8rgJjvDyLlipsSH5MNwWxeH27Wuo/eNImJq6CM+wHr9waPCKMOpz9v792OLoyMs+Pj44FBWFNAsbrFi5AqtCQnBuZQxSkzbi5auXOLB9B+LGTeDXztU35E5aq2fNQpSKIDdmhRgpGno4kXsDxsxgpvS5hn4UTSAZBkvTYMTMGAPfZBj7ZUDPNwWGgZvZuVTWRWSGuX8aO5bKc7vos605O0dpp7TdkjFjQTR0FyVDdeZyGLFj+p7roMNa76bNRqB5h4Ho0FkWazfs5s9OTRVI2Pbt29C3nzyOnzwNfT1tXLv+AFa2ITh79jS2bEmF7ERB8vSYmJVQ01qMWHV1LF3mD2cdXeD+QyyaPw9vHj7EoePH4NF/IPk7wsnCHIcO5MDX3g4rre1hbmmBWJf5mK+nj7PnziH74CGsESYhK56jO5+RtLrAztEBc3r3xsu3b/gE2Bv2BnsIP60+fQTZmbWHjcKJq0/Qf9AQ2GuYQX12GMwWr4SirQ/Ua1aH1epjUJioBGfWn5Zv3QkOq/ZCTlEdPUfaQ31mOCZqm0J73nI0+00VJm5JaNWmAzr2skOztrLo2UcJCtqzWQ8pFI4hSXAOiEHN2r/CxnY5fH29MHLMVDx49AbOzjPx9GkeEhLXYuRoKx6VuBezCC5duoqpUzVhpD8fixd5oBN7AebmzlgdFwtLxhRjxszcU6dgZGSEc4cPYdf2TPxz7x88efECf+cWuHoXhkh4yhq/4lx6lZeHOnXqQF5ODsrTpuG3Fi1haGiIxr/Ux+r4OPz000+IT0xALdY9XB0ZgYb16mGijgNa/d4DA7r3xu+9B6M3swOpQWlUozbkjWbxzNRTjeahU9dRqNugLboPNESr9vKMgSPRutNQDFXSR9OWbdC5vwJadeqJtt0HoWPPgZhqugg9ho5H37E66DZ0Kho2b455THpMTc1xj0kBTf9evXodB3IOcIfZJ48fcm80wr+5CqJSOnJNznU4rTkD+/iTPBILlSkSiz3bUnQW57VnYBlzGDPXnoVV3BFMNPFG7xGT0W+cEkaq28Eu4YQg2kvsMdivPs6jttjGHoUDK1uvPAR7dtx61SE4rzn7dbfaTqsOwGZVCdFbPkY8q/chQXamQiSK9EJkGX0A1pEU6SWbJ01yijv+dTNSP2xPEWYUIUpxxZjCQ+KsOCDIJsW6e5YUCodC4kRQKJxsWPLsUoJwOGbLdwr626x/bRSYDkPWMBksSYGuZyJq/1BL+FTJRoUZ+fD5SyYtTHI4g4TbCMaUQqm3OIUzJvEUXKKQOTthxphlxlp702VbYMBae2q19ZdsZAxbA233eGYKRWIKM3MmWnlx27JBi7bo2buX8MmSjQoz0mMNky5iDsUSYgyy4PGEdjBiTArZzsOJcdOItdr6fknQ4/nLNkDXay1n2Az3WKgz+1HRMYAZ34sw3syNMc8f05idabBkAw+7SCM/5uxeP/xcH7PmCMwYSUeFGEkJ3HR803iUFkO/VJ7kjQIv6VCOtcVrMWMRM8rdV0Nj4SpmbEdCyTkQ8paerMvoynsrxLwZbrEw8kuBGWOWWRCTTkbGy9JQPJ6QefA21PzxJ5w7f174dMlGhRhpuCSRfYKJ0HSPg8aCVZg2X5DdUcUxiHfxxhm5QpbRZJsl7NxK/ulyhuXniNvEqYBpxbcFZBaS+cU0NIRy13RhRDKmMv2lYLmYx6EcZ+jKPk0vqM0J5Z8uTYoRw0wrFaipgJEUnJkCMWv5psNx9lzh0yUfZTLy1t37mMyUv8qsYMzwjOeftVnwFv5JFmdC+YikUjAvru2TAi1vmrbdjMU06bX/DHJv/oM3b4sm5f8SUCYjzQJZH1rILJpW/ZAxJZMxa2xIuvRZH3yGN+tPM7IL3YxlyQeQdfwSbj/4ujw1ymSkVbBAgkpilojIKUCXSRc5BRiyhmR+TBbW7DyJk1du4/nL4v6T/9HwYCJGUiOhu3QTj2Ou5ZME68BN8N2wD9uO/oWr9yQzJsXnRJmMdIvZjlWZR3E89yae/0ej7pcHZTJSivJBykgxQcpIMUHKSDFBykgxQcpIMaFMRkri6gZJRJmMLBxISYrS8VFGpqelSWwGOknDRxn5Q+3voaer+1nXG36pKPPTJo9ZSYvvKIoqKEkok5EEcaSAFydaNG8uLEkOysXIM6ernvBfXKAF+mfOSE59RCgXI8nJVFLQpUsXYUmyUC5GUnBLSQCZYoXz7UoSysXI8mTE+xxQUlSS2OUi5WIkJQkOXBYg3Pv3sFAYC1gSUS5GzpzpjA6/tcMtChH46CEuX77Mj1dVOsivkUDueYVB0faKg55VPIgJRTvIey0ZNm65GEmB3E6dPInBAwfB2toa58+d4yEHN6xbj5yckn20KTZu8X66KOYtRQLI2rEDK4XerxRLQ2mKIubOccG40WPg5roQi9zdeczHjIwM/vwD7Dnp6en8ehHIXZlacIomfeTIEW5f0sumsBKk1+k4BVym31+4eIG3+O/ev8OKFSv4tcdPnMA59reEh4fzeJIUZ7KyKBcjRViyZAlCgoKxa+cuKCspQVtTCwcPHuTnRNJJFatdvQbXq7v3CNyVRWjauDE/TgkqmzRsBFNjY0SzP4iSocuOHosenbti0ICBGDt6NH5t3hITxo7D9zVrYdDAP6Gno1MksgGBGLJ06VIe8TmW3ff2nTtYk7iGv6iYlau4BNOSl/Ub1mN75jbs2bOHSzG9UPqqVkWv4Eym1WVr2e/ofpVFKYx8j7y3b/DgySs8fJrHiG1Z+QX7ip6/eg99A3M4Os5Fxvbd6P7HAPx97R6MTKzh4DQX7dp3g5dXAAYMGAYZmdF4xH4fGR2H+IQkuHv4QFfXFOPHT8HmjCycOnsBCgrKePzsNRYv9kP0ijgcO34KVjbOePgsjz/nnwfPsSwgDPLyynjKKkD1ePC4aADOknDtM3ciSpXIx4wBpaPgk/Xx9ISTnT08PTzQrlUbJmERuH37Fj+3lX2WBEd7e9T9vg4vH2YSnFQo3iNdTyCJfvmyaCD59+/eMhVSsjuzKMvnHSaFBPqMSeeK4l3Qal6R7r179y7fFkZJergqqCQji4KCX1JQkU2bBOteRNjB9CCBdN961vKLIIo1RBD5f1cGaWlp/DNOTU1FfHw8ci/lcj1KepP8yWOEa2BI99GqNYp+SgzPzNwqdnu0dEayT6siKOkN37wlaFzWrV3Lt+LGihXRPPY46W4KQEc6bt36dZxZu3bt4tK5e/duHrQ4LCyM71NgPIq+dfq0eHOGi42RJYGkgo8c/QcG2TkjSc+QPomIEOgrgjgYSXrv/BfiKFpVcEZSKH6yyURxuwniYCQhugomxZcEzkhq7YrH9BYXIwtHA/ya8Ul1JMHCwkJY+rpRAiMFLUPem3fMVuPFKkFV9dNkFSFQj2R52HIe2J0WWR44cIB3WWNWxfBRfTpHoBaaEnJQL4y6jmRy7d+/n+e4uXvnLrczKbv85SuXeVexMiiBke8w22c7dJwEqU2qCjNzc2FJ/CCdTuEZyQSidCvUYBJR7Es6d/bcWR6ng0wgGsEiRlIXlUwk6sNTn5z2E+LisWbNGv6bkoz38qDUT/tlXh4SUo8hLvmI8Ah7s+evY236SWzbXdASr0s/yvMq3H8siDv55u079rvjSNwo+B0fdDhzjV13HFn7Cn6XkHoE69OOMcNf0HPJe/0GiaknEJ90mH0Tgk/h4PGr+Tkb1qafwK27RaP0iRZxUi+mJDx9JhhdKim6n2jkiVB8VKkyKJWRUlQMXzQjqfdC+o5GcK5dv8a7gbR98vQJ13+fE180I0mnrWW6z2ORB2fcP/f/4fqSuoNSRlYAItuXBi7+7cj8Uh0pJkgEIykV378ZRkEKyYJECKWHh8cH48JS/HchEUJJgWi2bNnCy5SWl3rQUvx3UapQUqJWLy9PLF68+JMShb6aNGkSH2UmzJ49GxYW5vx4Sdd/aUStAHW9pCg/ShXKuLh4BAR8npFufz+//OZ71syZrMfyYSrpLxXU+7KzsxPuSVEe5AslTQDSnDulzs7akcWnimkQed/+fdzniKaRizuRiQvUfJO/09eGs2fOwNzUDGNGj4b/Uj+JTIIiieBCSQNUScllTzYcPXaU+y6IGwEBATyl7tcGGqdqUL8+X5fRrWtXnphairJR7fjx49wzqTBoIoVGTCk1J3lrFgZdTyOqUpQN8s5tVK8+WjZtjq6dSSglL++WJKIadTCOHi2YQSTQ9GVEZAT3+iqe7u/W7VsSmQJQEiHSlJQIrmsXqVCWF9XIzqHmU+QeTtvCU8i0LzpHIEE9daog2acUpWMDE8qGQk3ZRSqU5Qa3KWmRRlBQELctS8PBnIN8UlQ6hlh+xK+Ow7fVquH7WrV5/lFJTC0sifhgSIjcvGi57MyZM2Fqasq932lxTWnIvXEXVkGpmLdiB4JT9iFh12nsPHkZF6/dxZ2Hz5H3BQaLlOLfRanjlOSfWJ70Vpdu3OMZPykwpyCEoiCMoiDocTr0fNMwYwlFN02CllcS9JYkwyIwDbMit8Fn4wHEbjvGwyue+vs2bvzzCC9fvxHeWYr/KsQilBTslISypKCoHyX+G6EwkxD7CyLOUuJPTYo6S0Lsm8IzrM6MysSSddlYufUYNh++wMNeXr33GC/y8vLdLqX4OlC6UMaUTyiv3HoIQyZQpsHbeOx7kwBBoG1BBN9KCGo5iUIs03P1/dJ4clUtr2SeYJXCJxszze0QthUeCbsRsfkQ0g6cx5HzV/H37Qd49OIl3r6TamNJRpU1JeHundtYutQfPfsPQqO23dFz5BSM1nKAooMvtBcnwixwM6zDd8I6ag+swnfDInRHgQDz+N3iFN6S70VCTHm49JlJUViIdXyS2fl0OEVmwCdxN6IzDiP94HkcvnCdaeKHePLilVQPf2aIRSiLw9jEmOdloMychfPMiqjm93XwS9Nf8VuP/ug1RgmjZzhgqsNS6C2Kh1nQFoEAR+6GJduah2TydAcFeSE+FLhPQVwTMyE2YDaxDo/4n4TpXht5uHETSurhHY91KWnCv1gKceKTCCXh8eNHGDh4CKp9Vws/1q2P2j/WRc3aP6BGzVqoXrMmvv3uO1Rn9O13THCJqn8ovNW+oZy+ddDw13Zo10cG/eU1Ias3G2ozg2HgvQ5mwRmwjsiCFSVRjtgJ09DtMA7cygWqJEETF5GWN/RNYvX7DnNcvowUPV8SPplQiqChZ446zTuieadeaNKhJ8973IQ18Y1+64qGrX9Hg5YdBNm8G7fCz/VboM4vjVC7zs+oVfsn1KhRG9WrU156Rt/WwDeUgLr6t4wKElEX0Deo9X1dNPq1Pdr3lsEAJsDj9OdAfVaQUIAzYRWxh2lgyk6WxZNtmRRKNFMREgjletSp3xg1a9T46JCZFBVH6UIZKx6hpOhL04zs0KrXSHQePAEd/5yADgPHoX3/UWjXdyTa9qaE3TJo88cQtO0+BK26DUQLSkHfuQ/PKd28Y280a8+EuS0T5jZd0ah1J9Rv2Z5nTP+58a/4sUEzfP9zY9T+qT7TxD+hei0myKSNa3zHhPg7ps2YEJcgwD/UrYcWHXug21A5yCgZYbLFYmjPj+adJIuwLCa8e5kQM/t3ORNgJtAiAaZRAkqzR0L5c5Pm/H4LFiwQ/rVSiAOfXFOSUN5/+AAKurboLaeNARP10E9+BmuKtdBPThN9xk9Hb1kN9Bqrht6jVdBjtDJ6DFdEj2GT0W3YJHSRmYhOgwUZ5zsMHIt2/ccwYR6B33oPRaueMmj9x2C07j4QrboOQMsu/dGiUz+0+L0fmnbsy7TyH2jarrtAM7fpjIYt2qF+s9b4pXFL1CFhrtuECXMD1KzzC6p//z2+qVGTCXExM4Jp5h/rN2IfR1f0YAI8SEEHMoomGK87Ez/Va8Sv+aNXT7x+I94YRP9llCqUtM582NChcHJwhL2dfaXIyckJWpqaaNSgIdq0aIm2jNo0a442zVugbctfP6Df6HjrdhikqI+h0ywxVM0MMiomGKJsgsFKxhg81YgTZfH/c4qRIIv/RF30V2Akr4O+clroPWEaeo1TQ08S8FFK6DZiCroMU0BnGUaDFfD7QFl0ZILdts9IpqGHok0PgXZu2ZUJNGlo0s4dmHZu9wea/NYdjdt0QsNW7VG/xW/4pUlr/NSoJX6sR8LMNPOPP3G794ef6vA1+lKIB6UKpbhw984dzJvjAhfWIRg+QRF9h09Gv5GT0WfERPTjpIC+I+QENEyO7U/GON1ZkDWcj7H6czHKYC5GM9twNNNMo7RnCUjHESNYj32Elj0jO4zQtGVbWwzTsGbCbMXIAkPVzTBE3RxD1CwYmWKwCiMlRkzABzHB/pPRQEUDJtxMsCcxoZ6ow0iba/G+4zUF2ltWHb2ZBu85SgXdRyii+/BJ6MY0d+fBcug0SBZdBsmjQYsOXFtu3vL1OSn/W/jkQlkY/vEZkLcLgNqcMKjOXs4oFGqMVGeFQmVWCJSJWM9a2TkISk6BUGak5BTAaBmmOvpjCpGDHxTt/TDFbimnyXa+mGSzBBNtfKBg7Q0FKy/IWy6GvIUHT3A7wYyRqRujhZxkjV0xjpGs8TyMM5yLMQZzmPAz0puDMexjGK0zCyO1nTFC24kL/igtB4zUZB8Ao2HT7Zjg22L4dFsm9DbsuD16jJnKhXLxYk/hX/lpkJdX4ENw/fqD/JCHkoayZtee3L2TfwU5AlHUQlpiXRifVSjX7jiMqbMioOW2Gpruq3li3xmuMZixkBFtGWm5roLmgpXQnM9oASvPX4XprKwxbwWjaEZR0JgbxVNRq82LgDovRzOKYMcjMc0lCupzIqHuws4xUpsjonCoz6aPIRxqs8LZh8A+CiJ2TIVtVWaGsg+i4MNQYh+GslMI33JyXCYkf3Y9+1Bm0wcThInmHlwoXRcKOjtv3r0rNWPpqtXbMEDGHmGRm7CA8WD4OCe4LIgGeQZOVPLEiJG2+N/VDz2JTCwCERaRggVeKRgwyAzZ+47DxXUdvH3WY5pWICZNccbNW4LYn+LA8+fP8gXnes5BvHguiMTz4MF9pKam4NmLF7iUkoI16tNxL/cSP0dxmcJXrMC+NeuQqKqODVOVcT41Fdv27sbajeuRtWcvPCYp4tapk7iwLAgxuvpYt0kQMjjN1xcn9u3jZcJnFcrsU7mY5hYPXe8N0GcM1fehLSNK5c1Ix3s9dL3WQ8dzHbS91mGG51poL17DtmugxUhncQJ0GemwY9qLEtm5BD5jpO2RCC2PBMxgpO1O23hGTOj5NoGdi+NlLb7PaJFgn2fEpt+wexgsWceeS6nE2XXsvlQ/ba+17Lo4dv9Y6LDf6CyOhz67bshUd9RvNAl9R9mix2AdNGolh9lzl2HrtpNQ1ZgLMwsv2Fg7MWH7UDi3b9uN2S6Loapqg+XLQ5C+6SB+qTcYxsam0JhmjWPHBMNLly/fwMuXBaHvPNwCMM9lEdJS9qNTV0Uoq2ojMSEZ/n7BcJk7Dw8fP0L2zuPwGqOIa2cE/q60QsDVww1nDh7EOn1jhA4biQs7d+L2gwdYtGgxEpI3IsTOBhtnOWObuSUOkFM360scO3ECu3Zsh43sGLx99RJnmRD5qKgjbasg2UK4jR0WzZvPy8fCmJJh/YCr12/gCPt9sKkxloWGIG3LViyzdYD76LHwYv2SZdM0cPnsGfj4+cLCxga72L02LFwIV20t3Prf//i9RChVKP38/HD0iMAjfXtMLDbGxfMy4cSJ40hMTOTlR9evI9bfH4XZTwFprl27xsvZyUk4dvAwLx/LvQkd15VQcfSFaXgWzJlWVJ3hCGMa9A7Ywr2HNOw9YeCbCsuQbdDXncOEIR4mIZk8gbUea+o15obDLHIXzMzmYoalJ8zDdvLzpu7RULH1gG3kbqYJ4zFquhvMQzPZefYcnwSoms2DachmTJ+3Dn8qzIFZyCaMUA/EsAkW6NpXBf3Hz0OX/lYYqbEQw1QWo+ufFugzeDoGjpvOh4FGTAtA5wEWfIbHIiILJnNpafA0dOw1FnXrt0b9er3RtassZuhooUuXvjA1t8CuvTls3wvOTHMfO3ERL14+hb29PZYt84OXdxScnJfDfvYKrE/ahTOnjiM8LAzbdmyF3EQjrF+fBXefdPj6r0FQyDJc+d8VZGzdgX4DpnBexiYegco0B6xcGcX3Z81cCk0NQ14+EhmNcY2bIvvAflzevx9OiipwYQKwm5WXmptDsV17xEaEwZVptPWh4VyorWzt4GZhhl0rWL20tRHh6sEXCvr4esPO0QEXmUCtZwIYstSXxzwjHD9+DJevCAIFP374AO/ENCFbRChp+ObKlSswZxV3d3dnzYY5psvJsUpqwd3MDJ7s6zp85Ci0WaUXe3rCTFcPpnLyWGpjDQ1ZWVxiv1240JWTLfXANTThYWQMVw01rIqKxK79RzFgnBI0bBdg7OhJUOg7DGZqJhjRdyjMgtIwQd2ICeUiTNEygWzXPtDRtIb6EFkoWntCy94Nk0xdYDDbG6M7doXSFAM4zLDD+HEq0J3lA7nppphqEoxf6k9Al4Eq0HZLQac+OmjdVhU9BqrBasl6/N5FBr/3kmfP2glFy0homtpBxdKHaTs1VP/uezRu0QNtO45EnV9+Rec/+qNzbwVoOS7HH90Hof9YVcxddxSDFCzRql1XqDr4sg9sPQawHv33P34P59lOMDFzQ52fWmLNuvVMwOKhoDANWtoaWM40h6KCHn5r0xOurgugzv5mL+9Adr0xrCzNoaVpjilTdKCmNg06OpbIyTnE179rM76HL49mWm0ZZmjrYGNSOh96ioqiYx64eeMm62BtR1x8AjsuEJRz587yNfsEmlV7/fZTDFWRPVuyANLRqormB0JJ0Z9pWS1pOwrr/5p9FdsyMxERGYkMtqVoebTIPiAwkMc2y87Ohst8FyzxW4KkpI3w8/eDvaMjklOS+eq9ZQHLYG1ni+ioCNi7+qKPrA5klC1486jBbLd+cjNYp8GCCcliDFezxIAJmlBxDoaxXwqGqpphwGRDqNh4Y4KxCwZMnAE50wWwCtuOSawD03+yAevk+MBsWQb6jbZnTWo7GHrFQE7fj9l5NfB73zHQdw1Hs1aD0Lq7DCyZ5rQK24Uplu7M9gyFkX8qlO2XcPNh1rozsI3KxrR5K5nQboXDqkPQYyYElZ3XnIFd3BGY+G+GXeQezKZrI9g28TjImYNsSgo6IIV48Nlsyrest+ibfAwmEfthvfIgbFYchDWnnIItO05lOmfFyiISnBNcV3CsgCzpHCPnNafhEHMQdiv2YyYTHMe4Y7Bjx2cmnoJdzGF+jQ37Ld2ftrwenA4JSbjPBDL/HF3Lif1WVEdGVqzslHAak628uVBKSiqhrwGfTSiP/X0XxuF7CwmCeIgLCQlLaRR9ADZR7EOI3g8rVhYR7dsIyZqdtypE1hHZsIrYC8vwPZwsmHY1Y7ap2fIsWITsgEXQNpgzso3ag/Z9R3KhPHRIkJ9Fiqrjswglhab2Sz0Js/B9THMVEqZCRFrINlogSKSFuDCxfSIuNJH7Ycm2llH7WJkJTBFiwsOJyiRQ+2DDnkXXWbBm1iJst5B2wXz5Tk5mrHNlEpwJY9Y8mwQJXOMM/NMZpTFKhcHSFNapSYKuqBfOeuRarEevwTpqai4RmLZgBUZOt+UC2bhpk/wUKVJUHZ9FKHefvcp6yLtgLRQUSyYoxckifDfrKTPBCd8lICZAXIhY79qcb9l50lSc2H6owNPHjGku06DtMA1kwsVsPmP/LdwPUs+PCZZvMgyWbGT2q4D0vDdCx5uGm2h4iQkaDf+4xvAxT5WZrDNiH4BJVj6Qt1gEOXMPyDG7dZLVEky1D4L67HA+rqrtlcgdM/Td4vB9nZ+5UE5Vmir8S6UQBz65UO4/dw06fumC5RKFyCQoM59MhUsojAIFC86M2fWGS1MFxAUrmXU6mNby2sDHMPVozHJRArQZCcYi46DpxrTYglV8cJ0GxZUcAjDR2gcKFosxwdQd8kzA5C28MdnGD2ozQ1mHJorRCj6uqb8kCYbLUmDMnk9uadS5MWPa07QU1zYzVn9ddyaUP9fjQrk6Pk7410ohDnxSodx/9jI0F61lQsWaQp8k1sslwWLaavE66C4SCVYctNxXQ3NhLKMYThoLaAaHZmkioTY7jE870nSigpUnnzIcZ7QAY41cMc5kIeSY0E229eczNZquq6DDmlpD1vTSUgsa2zQNzmACtoUJ22YmZOnsOHmvM2FjAihaOkHCZ0pb2s+/5kNhFBF5w+t6xKDatzXQt1+/UmdwpKgcxCyUghGqJ89fwt4vEZOclkN9rnC6zyUMKjTf7RwCJceAfCGTM3PnQjbOYB7GGyyArLE7FGx8MdUpmGmyaCa8CbwJNl7GtC0THvMiWqxkTfapyZTZopquK1Drh594uhMpxAuxCuWV67ewIDAWQ7ScMcZwHtNm85g2W8C0mQfTZn6sWQ1jmnAVa4rXwsg3lb9gEjCu0YQdjn9L0ARLfNOhy2xR0RLf6cwG1WZb0rzWwZsxf9VO+G84gLgdx5F56BxevBJPoiYpiqLKQnn/6QvYBSVDcX4M9NjLM+VCxuxE8tZmzSZNH+YHKBBSSUJRGeLLeGk9jogKHaeViwa0ctE3DVrMdJjObFISNF3fFJgHpGN29DYs20gCdgIZx3Jx6tItXLv3CM9eMkGj4YIyUdV5CylKQ5WF8s7Dp7AKFgQSEKz1rjyJhLeIgLGySMB0mXad4cM0GLNLpwsFjOzAWRFb4Z24FxFbjvA13gfOX+NBEh48eY7Xb6VrvL80iE0odVnzZyQUpKJCRmWhdqRrqJlkAqYnjIQxQxjORZevv06BQ8QWeCXswYrNR5Gy7wxyLlxF7s1/8ODxM7wuwetGiq8PVRbKWw+eMmFjNphXMrS8U/IFzJQdcwrPhFvcbizfdAhJ2eew+/TfuHj9H9xlgpwnXdMiRSmoslC+ZdorT8yJ26X4b6PKQimFFOKGVCilkDhIhVIKiYNUKKWQOEiFUgqJg1QopZA4VFko4+LipBkjpBArqiyUjg4OsLWyxr592cIjUkhRNVRaKJ2YMNauUQtt27RB4wYN4WBnLzwjhRRVQ6WFMufgQezZswfHjh1DRkYGj8bw9OlT4VkpSsLLly+lPCoHxNbRWb06Fvfu3RPuSVEclCSrY8eOPF+jFB+H2ISSkozm5gpCeEhRFKQhx48fz2N1vnpVEB9IipIhNqFMS0vjTbkURUHN9eTJk3lsJinKB7EJ5dp1a6WMLwFKSkqwsrRC3mvp0onyQmxCSXGD4uMLIrP91/Hy1UvMneOC8bKyuHH9hvCoFOWB2ISSst9GRgnC0kkhaLa7d++O1NRU4REpyguxCSUZ8xQq0NzUDD26dhceLQCFEM4TxjX8L+DM2TO8xy1FxSE2oSTY2dlh5PAR8PHyxjfVqvHts6fPkJCYAGcnJ+T+9ZfwSkGU2ZycHGzetKlSY3cVzVz77NkzHgSUcP78eQwfPhyHDh3i+yLs3LkTnp6eCAoMhK/PEly+fJkf35qRASNDQ/7hfQzv3r3D1q1bcfz4cf4MGr8tDc9fPOf8ohhEf//9d75GfV3Ii59CM4pA9y6Mt4UCIBT+jQjFryeIflP4txR3nEDPKqw0Cj/7c0OsQkm4+r//4czp00hNToGDvT0G9OuHvr16o0ObtvnBPClHz9AhMggNDoHM4MHYu2cPP/4x0ED9NHV1XGGCcuLECaipqvKlGKWB4mpO19Dgna/TZ07j8OHDSEpKwoF9+2FqYgIrCwuMHTUa4cuX8+tjY2IgLycHnRkzMG70GMgMHITf23VAv9590bxpU4weOZLRKNT87ju0atkSFmbmCAtdjsCAAFavadizezciIyMhO3Ycjhw5goiICGzeXHrGiPv37/NhNLqW8hVt27YNl3IvIYqZQHQf8im4ePEi1rEOZFBQEP9AdrNnUNKtjRs34u7dO1i6dClWrFjBh5kSEhL4bymwfQKz7Zezvys0JJSPHZOwBbIPLfdSLr/m7Nmz+XmS4tlzKCrzhQsXEB0djfDwcKxcuZLvUz0ePPz8fg2VEsr3PJJr2Th29AjTLs9x9e8rOHbsKNRUlKEyVRGtW7bAbqaVbKytkJmZgaW+S7ApvSD5Znb2HsZsClD/FlcYIz3cFuLXFs2ZsIyGk6MDxowaie3bMqGhroYnjx8JfwVcu3aVaURBpoE/+/dDm1a/QnbcWOgyQRs7ehSmTp4Ma0sL/jvCnDmzYWxggEnyclBlvWQjfX1YW5hzGsuEUJN9BIa6unxu34RpyvFjxyLnwH7MnjULmtM0MGroUHRu1w562trsIxuCxvXr83v16tEDo5gm/hhIu4lCcD97/owH0s/9Kxe7snbiFivfunWTdZZe4cbNG1yodu3ahdPsY7918yZcF7hyASWQ0NFw3OPHj3mZWgTShLt27sKhw4d4mYieRZr+Jvs9Pe+ff/7hHwZ9OHTsL9aKUUtB0YFvsk4rCTr9piQt/KlRYaFcv/kEHj99hd05ubyctPVUAWWK6LRgm3/uNNKyziB4ZSbU9RZg3abj2LjlJDbvvoi16UcxXNYQff5Uw6CR2nCcGwZzez8MkzVAuy7j0bzNMGjoz0fM+gPwC0uHnLINohL2ID75EJS1XRC+egdStp/Fpl3nYOm4DF37KKJNx7GYvTAaGbtzsSnrPFS0ZsE3OBn2LsuhbbIIaTvO8zruOHAFc9yiYeUchC17LiF1x1l27hzcfddCz9wTsRv2s+fux/Z9l7FqbTYW+a9DetY5pGw7gy27L8DNdw0UVB2wYcsJ9vyLyNx3BRl7L2F5zA74hqaxe53FRvb3E23IOIW1acdw+ap01qssVFgoN2w5xYRSvB2Wu3fvchtmy5bN6Na5MxztHfhxR0dHbpuJbCCyf/bv35dvL2VlZfFmT4Qo1mRamplBbtx4bGG2KqGwZbRuzRq4zJkj3BOAMqtRU1lZVNX2ogkHasYJpBFJ01GzTDZmWFgY15rUnJI5QIiNjeGdRtKMtra2XKOKsIb9fcdPHOflkmxKAtWXbGvR/SQRFdeUJJTPPl0v+mDOQWz5SAehMPbu3cs7CwQV1vwuZM0agWwxSc8sSzYuNbu379xGcnIy76mTcP6P2eRkHxLoHHUIU1NSuR1NuWrINiSh8vLyYnZwLPubF+Q3sdQUkx1JQk2/y8zM5PYn2dIksGRf0zPousR4wTMkEZXTlJ9QKCuC58+fM80Ry79+e1s77MsuSBD0JYBsROrAPXzwkHc+Dhw4wLXlcaY9t2/fjqvMRiZwO5BpUFGZbD3qvRNoSxMXhDu37/BBe+qkkH344uULPGI2N/2GQM/YvXsXd8omDSypKCKUpPLpSxWBmgJ68YUhSUJJGoKEkoxz2krxdaCIUNJwAtkam5g9Rl8gNRfFIUlCSaAx0H379nHbUIqvA/lCeerUKT4uRZ0HGkAmQ/v06TPCswWQNKEk/8Sg4GCcPHlSeESKLx1ftE1JoE7CAmbsFzY7pPiyUWGhXL/lpEQJJWl4XV1dPhD8JYE6H2QekaanDkh5QAPmj5885mVKek+jDMVBg940KkED5zQgTqD94umLCdRBEs2yFQelQyQnm38D5RbKcxduwSMwCwuDszHffwf2HZIML/OHjx5CS0uLj9t9SaCednqawGGDhntoLJK0PvWsadiG9klgPdw9+D5RLBPixIREPkVI5hVNJdI1NLRE04M0XETjtjS8RERTmASaWqSxWLr+9m3BMJPHIg/eQ6e5el9fX+6HEMn6E/ScuLjV/D40pBQQEMCv/5wdyXIKpWCA+Prtx5BRisChk9fw5u07vMp7I6BXb/h+YdAv3tI17NyrvLd8m/f6w7nqd+/fF9xHeC86Vhx5wnPFn0dDJQ4O9jxHNa8TXcPoJaPXJT3vXbHnMSrreXQv+luKX/XmjejvK0Z0jH7DnlUaSMv5+/vzMUkapsl7lcdfPNn1O3bs4NqNhm62b9vOt3v27uFCEhISgq2ZW/mwDwkZ/Z40WkpKMhfQv3L/4r+lBAHnL5znz6Lhpbv37vI8mpRbk4SaO8QczOGdRHoeITgwCIEBgXxKk7T33uy9vI9BkxvkOPO5ULHmO5/H7/H2zVv20tmLZ9s8Rm9L8kphx+g8CQfRG1YuDhIIuobOEVG5pFkSOkdxMAXEBKnYR0AgwRHUSUCFvWFEeP++8DUfex47L6wzXU8C9qFQCs6J6i4i0d9c1dmez413jDeSgArblFKIH9R8i9zqygK5wz148GXZzxWFVCj/JVBzTK5jNLNC48LkPka2YUBgAG+myT5M35TOm2XqdNAUITW7yclJvDn9miEVyn8JJGgkZNSjpnlwmo8mf0ayC+kYdTzuM41I9p2g8xHHpyTJBnz0qMBd72uEVCglCNRpo/nq/zaA/wNfckS9Ly6WLQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
(image adapted from Bell & Keyser, Nature Nano., 2016)
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(image adapted from Leitao & al., ACS Nano., 2021)
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Prof. Georg Fantner (EPFL, Switzerland)
Prof. Fantner is a specialist in the development of novel tools and techniques to investigate soft biological systems at the molecular level. He is particularly known for his work in the field of scanning probe microscopies where he pioneered an approach for gentle and fast electrochemical mapping of live cells with scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM).
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Prof. Mingdong Dong (iNANO, Aarhus University, Denmark)
Prof. Dong’s work on scanning ion microscopies spans from biosciences, to materials research and electrocatalysis. He has contributed to the development of the technique, both in terms of spatial resolution and interpretation of the electrochemical information. His team is at the forefront of high-resolution measurements with multi-barrel nanopores.
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(image adapted from Klaussen & al., Nature Commun., 2016)
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